Peritoneum, diffuse peritoneal leiomyomatosis

Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata is a rare benign tumor of the peritoneal cavity. Patients are mostly premenopausal and often pregnant or postpartum. Although the etiology is unknown, hormonal stimulation appears to play a role. Multiple small scattered peritoneal nodules are seen, mimicking peritoneal carcinomatosis. The nodules are composed of benign smooth muscle cells.